Preventing Leopard Gecko Bites

The best way to deal with leopard gecko bites is to prevent them from happening in the first place. Here are some tips:

Hand Taming
Tame your leopard gecko by regular gentle handling so it becomes comfortable with you. Support its whole body when picking it up and do not grab at its tail. Taming reduces defensive biting incidents.

Approach Slowly
Move slowly when putting your hand in the enclosure to pick up your leopard gecko. Avoid making sudden movements that may startle it. Give it time to see and smell you first.

No Tail Grabbing
Never grab your leopard gecko by its tail when handling. This is painful and frightening for them and will often trigger biting. Always fully support the body with both hands.

Manage Shedding
Leopard geckos are more irritable when dealing with a bad shed. Try to avoid handling them when undergoing a significant shed. Wait until a couple days after they finish shedding to handle again.

Clean Enclosure
Keep the tank very clean and spotless to minimize stressful conditions. Thoroughly wash decor items and substrates during weekly deep cleaning to prevent build ups.

Reduce Handling After Feeding
Leopard geckos typically prefer not being handled for at least a day after being fed large meals. Their attention and energy is focused on digesting, so hold off handling.

Quarantine New Geckos
House any new geckos separately for a minimum of 90 days before introducing them to others you own. This prevents passing parasites or illness and reduces stress and aggression.

With these preventative care tips, most leopard geckos can enjoy years of docile behavior as pets. But even well-socialized geckos may bite on rare occasions, usually due to mistakes in handling.

Treating Leopard Gecko Bites

If your gecko does manage to bite you, here is how to provide proper first aid treatment at home:

Clean The Wound
Immediately wash the bite area with warm soapy water for a couple of minutes to flush out bacteria and disinfect. Avoid using harsh chemical cleansers.

Apply Antibiotic Ointment
After washing, dry the area gently and apply antibiotic cream to the bite to prevent infection. Topical antibiotics like Neosporin work very well.

Dress it
Cover the wound using fresh bandages, gauzes or plasters once disinfected and treated with antibiotic ointment. Keeping it covered prevents recontamination.

Apply Ice Packs
Gently pressing an ice pack wrapped in cloth against the wound reduces painful swelling and inflammation. Apply for 10-15 minutes 2-3 times daily as needed for pain relief.

Observe for Signs of Infection
Check the bite daily for any worsening redness, swelling, oozing pus, red streaks or increased warmth which indicates infection. Seek medical treatment promptly if it appears infected.

Take Oral Pain Medications
Standard over-the-counter pills like paracetamol or ibuprofen ease bite pain, swelling and soreness. Always follow dosage instructions.

Allow It to Heal
Keep the wound clean, dressed and medicated while aiming to leave it undisturbed as much as realistically possible to heal. Most minor bite wounds heal just fine in 7-10 days with proper first aid.

See Your Doctor If Severe
Consult a physician promptly if the bite site shows severe infection, you develop flu-like symptoms or the wound is extremely deep with persistent bleeding or fails to close. Severe bites risk deeper tissue damage or bacterial contagion requiring antibiotics.

Stress & Infection Risk Factors

Your individual risk of stressful bites causing leopard gecko-induced infection depends on several health factors, including:

– Diabetes hindering normal wound healing abilities

– Compromised immunity vulnerabilities

– Chronic illnesses dependent on medications that impair infection-fighting capabilities

– Advanced age involving greater general infectious vulnerabilities

– Poor circulation reducing blood flow to extremities which impairs recovery

– Obesity making infections more refractory and difficult to treat

Any pre-existing condition or health vulnerability makes bites more concerning. Seek medical attention after a bite if you have additional risk factors until healing progresses fine under self care.

When to Seek Veterinary Care for Biting

While basic first aid suffices for most human victims of leopard gecko bites, veterinary intervention is often required if biting incidents happen between cohabited geckos. Signs to take pets in for care include:

– Bleeding or lacerations requiring sutures

– Infection setting in necessitating antibiotic injections or oral medication dosing

– Missing pieces of tail, feet or flesh requiring wound treatment plus pain control

– Eye injuries or damage

Take bitten geckos into qualified exotics veterinarians if their welfare appears compromised until they stabilize. Separate fighting cagemates immediately once biting starts.

Prevention and vigilance are key to dealing with leopard gecko bites. Carefully handle them using proper technique, observe for signs of illness stress and aggression in pets, quarantine newcomers and faithfully clean cages. Immediately wash and dress any bites that occur, plus continue monitoring for infection daily thereafter. With proper care and handling methods, most leopard geckos remain the mild-tempered captivating creatures that make them the world’s most popular pet lizard. I hope this Dealing with Leopard Gecko Bites- Prevention and Treatment Measures article helps you.

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Leopard geckos will need to be handled from time to time. They often need to be picked up, shoved, moved from one enclosure to another and/or need to be gripped to be closely inspected. When considering the fragile nature of Leopard geckos and the potential to transmit diseases, handling should be done under responsible supervision and caution should be taken afterwards (see later).

When handling a Leopard gecko, its intentions should be anticipated and it should be observed closely at all times. Untamed Leopard geckos might attempt to escape while being handled. An uncomfortable Leopard gecko can at any time walk, dash or jump from your hands while being handled.

The correct way to handle a Leopard gecko

Adult and baby Leopard geckos are handled differently. Even more so than adults, baby Leopard geckos need to be handled with extra caution.

Handling adult Leopard geckos

Larger, adult Leopard geckos are to be handled with two hands. They can be picked-up by scooping one hand under the belly while supporting the rest of the body with the other hand. The Leopard gecko should be allowed to rest on the palm of your hand while your fingers are gently curled over its back. When sitting down, a tame Leopard gecko can be allowed to sit on the body of the handler.

Handling baby Leopard geckos

Baby Leopard geckos can be picked-up by using your hand to make a ‘cage’ around the body. Tame baby Leopard geckos can also be encouraged by a gentle shove to go and sit in your hand before ‘caging’ your fingers around the body. When handling a baby Leopard gecko, use slow, careful movements and restrict handling to a bare minimum.

Falling injuries

Falling injuries are commonly seen in pet Leopard geckos. Although falls from shorter distances sometimes go without injuries, a fall from a significant height (e.g. from a sitting lap or standing person) can lead to serious internal injuries. Holding and handling a Leopard gecko correctly can prevent unnecessary falls from happening.

Tail injuries

Leopard geckos are known to be able to lose their tails. This commonly happens due to falling injuries (see earlier) or incorrect handling. By grabbing a Leopard gecko by the tail, it can easily break off. Also see tail injuries in Leopard geckos for more information.

Hygiene practices while handling a Leopard gecko

Some diseases can be transmitted from Leopard geckos to humans. In-contact human hands can also be the carrier of certain diseases from an infected Leopard gecko to a healthy one. Irrespective the risk for transmitting diseases, Leopard gecko handlers are always advised to take responsible hygienic precautions.

F10 has a wide range of products including wipes, hand soaps, sprays and contact cleaners that is safe and effective to use with Leopard geckos. F10 products are available from certain veterinary clinics and hospitals.

As a summary, these are good hygiene principles for Leopard gecko owners:

• Do not touch your face while, or directly after, handling a Leopard gecko, the inside of their enclosure, feeder insects or their substrate.
• Protect any open sores or wounds you might have on your hands before touching or handling a Leopard gecko.
• Wash and disinfect your hands (or in-contact skin) directly after handling a Leopard gecko, the inside of their enclosure, their food or their substrate.
• Do not kiss a Leopard gecko or bring it close to your face.
• Do not eat while handling or even close in close proximity with Leopard geckos.
• Use safe, but proven disinfectants to wash, wipe or spray your hands.

For more information, also see our Leopard gecko owner hygiene article.

When not to handle a Leopard gecko

Although it is generally recommended to restrict the handling of Leopard geckos to only when it is absolutely necessary, there are cases where this is more important. Leopard geckos should rather not be handled in the following situations:

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Introduction to Leopard gecko breeding

Leopard geckos are known to be easy breeders. By housing an adult male and female Leopard gecko together, breeding will most likely take place.

Keep the housing enclosure simple

Although Leopard geckos are generally not ferocious during the breeding process, fewer obstacles will be beneficial. Unnecessary enclosure furniture can be obstructive and even cause injuries. A simpler setup will also be easier to maintain, less time-consuming to keep clean and make for better observation.

Also see
Good hygiene practises for Leopard geckos

Bigger enclosures are not always better

Many Leopard gecko breeders use smaller containers during the breeding season. Simple stackable plastic containers (with enough ventilation) measuring between 40 and 60 cm / 15 to 25 ” are generally acceptable for two to four Leopard geckos. Also see the Leopard gecko housing guidelines for more information.

Use only one male

When it is time to breed, male Leopard geckos become very possessive and even aggressive. More than one male during this time will lead to more fighting and less breeding. When space allows, a single male can be paired with two to four females.

Males can be rotated between multiple females

After an evening or two together, a single male Leopard gecko can be rotated with multiple groups of females, but make sure to allow two to three days of rest after about seven days of breeding. This way males can be used more efficiently, but make sure to keep track to prevent inbreeding.

Use breeding boxes

A breeding box, or advanced hide box, with a small opening and a moist substrate, will provide hiding and a place for females to deposit their eggs in. Popular hiding box substrates to use for hiding boxes and as an egg-laying substrate is peat moss and vermiculite. Also see suitable substrates for Leopard gecko for more information.

Prevent egg contamination

Breeding boxes should contain a clean, preferably commercial substrate such as packaged vermiculite, peat moss or a specialised reptile egg-laying substrate. This will prevent eggs from becoming contaminated with bacteria and parasites. Also see suitable substrates for Leopard geckos for more information.

Feed enough food

During breeding, male and female Leopard geckos will need more energy from their food. During this time, mealworms dusted with a commercial calcium/vitamin D combination and a multi-vitamin combination should be available all the time.

Female condition and sizes

Breeding females should preferably be full size and in good condition at the beginning of the breeding season. A good indicator of the condition is the fatness of the tails. The fatter the better.

Less attention is better

It is often beneficial to allow privacy during the breeding season. Opening of the enclosure and hide box should be reserved for daily inspection, cleaning and feeding only.

Get the incubator ready

Before you have it, there will be eggs. By this time you should have done your research on the incubator to use and have it set up to the desired temperature.

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Introduction to Leopard gecko care

Leopard geckos are crepuscular^(50)(51)(59) to nocturnal^(49)(69) and cathemeral lizards that are naturally from India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran and Nepal. Although these countries are mostly covered by deserts, they prefer niches closer to dry Savannah areas.

Leopard geckos spend most of their time hiding away and prefer to be active when they need to eat. When basic Leopard gecko care requirements are met, they are hardy and a pleasure to keep. They need little space, basic environmental furniture and substrates and are easy to feed.

Leopard geckos are often acquired when they are still babies.

Various Leopard gecko accessories, food and other care items are available online (e.g. Amazon.com), from specialised pet shops and general hardware stores.

Hatchling and baby Leopard geckos are 1 day to about 4 months of age, whereafter they will reach the juvenile stage until they are about 18 months of age. Sexing is possible after three months of age⁽³⁰⁾. Adult Leopard geckos are 18 months and older, but if they are properly fed they should reach adult size and breed within their first year⁽³⁰⁾.

Although sexual maturity is reached as early as 3 to 5 months in males and 9 to 10 months in females⁽³⁴⁾, breeding should only be allowed when then they are adults.

The lifespan of Leopard geckos in captivity ranges between 20 to almost 30 years (avg. ~25 years).

Male Leopard geckos will have prominent femoral pores and paired hemipenal bulges at the vent area (situated at the bottom of the base of the tail).

Also see
Sexing a pet Leopard gecko

Housing

The enclosure

The enclosure is the container that is used to house the Leopard gecko. They can be in the form of glass tanks, cabinets, large plastic storage containers and commercial reptile enclosures termed ‘vivariums’ and ‘terrariums’. Enclosures that are set up in a natural way to keep Leopard geckos and other desert/savannah reptiles are called terrariums.

The type of enclosure will determine the type of heating and lighting that will be used.

Leopard geckos do not have the ability to climb⁽³⁰⁾. For this reason, broader, flatter enclosures are preferred over taller ones.

A single Leopard gecko can be housed in an area as small as a 10-gallon tank / 30 x 30 cm / 12 x 12 ″, but bigger is better. One or two Leopard geckos can be housed together in an ADDIS (35 x 25 x 15) cm / (13.7 x 10 x 10) ″ container with the correct setup.

A 20 gallon / 30-50 ℓ / (61 x 23 x 33) cm / (24 x 9 x 13) ″ glass tank, “Pal pen “or “Desert den” can also be used to house one to a few Leopard geckos.

The floor space should increase by at least 25% for every gecko added after that.

REPTI ZOO 10 Gallon Reptile Tank (20 x 12 x 10 ” / 50 x 30 x 25 cm) if perfect to keep a single Leopard gecko in. Available from Amazon.com

Even though Leopard geckos are not known to climb, the top of the enclosure should be closed off to prevent predators from interfering. Sliding screen tops are popularly used and can also be used to rest overhead lamps.

Male Leopard geckos should not be housed together, as it will often cause fighting. One male can be kept alone, with one or up to five females. Leopard geckos should be quarantined before introducing it to other, established Leopard geckos.

Also see
Leopard gecko terrariums
Leopard gecko quarantine: Why, how long?

The substrate

The substrate (or bedding) is what is placed on the floor of the enclosure. Good bedding substrates include paper (unprinted news, brown, butcher, kitchen roll⁽³²⁾), paper towel, carpet, plastic mats, Astroturf, clay mixtures and large pieces of slate rocks and aquarium stones⁽³⁰⁾.

Particulate substrates such as sand, gravel, wood chips, pellets, bark, shells, perlite, corn cob, maize/cornmeal can be ingested and should be avoided. Large pieces of driftwood, large pieces of bark or rocks can be used for hiding and decoration (see later).

Zilla Reptile Terrarium Bedding Mats are popularly used as a substrate for Leopard geckos. Available from Amazon.com

Sand is a very popular substrate for Leopard geckos but should be used with caution or rather not be used at all. If an owner insists on using sand for its natural appeal, coarse grade sands, silica sand and calcium-enriched sands should be avoided.

When sand is used as a substrate, stool and activity need to be monitored for signs of sand ingestion. Feeding platforms can be used to reduce the incidence of accidentally ingesting sand.

To make the enclosure floor a little less fragile, layers of newspaper can be used to separate the floor and the substrate layer.

Also see
Suitable substrates for Leopard geckos
Intestinal impactions and obstructions in Leopard geckos

Hiding areas

It is essential to supply adequate hiding areas for Leopard geckos to hide and sleep in. Hide areas can be supplied in the form of custom made decorations and/or commercial hide boxes and caves.

In addition to one or more hides, Leopard geckos will also need a humidifying shelter which will aid in the process of skin shedding and in increasing the environmental humidity.

A common way to make a humidifying shelter is by using a waterproof plastic container with a hole cut in the lid and a layer of peat/sphagnum moss or vermiculite that is wetted with an equal amount of water as substrate. The substrate should not be soggy wet but feel moist by touching it.

Also see
Leopard gecko hide areas and hide boxes

Required maintenance

Daily maintenance

Feeding (see later), cleaning food and water containers, replacing water, removing of faeces and old food residues. Fortunately, Leopard geckos are defaecatorial, so cleaning their faeces (poop )is relatively easy.

Also see
Defaecatorial behaviour in Leopard geckos

Monthly maintenance

Enclosure cleaning and substrate replacement. Cleaning and sterilisation of enclosure decorations, hiding areas and equipment.

Yearly maintenance

Used electrical equipment, their wiring, switches and plugs should be replaced or inspected and tested by a professional electrician at least twice a year.

Being reptile⁽⁴⁹⁾, Leopard geckos are ectothermic⁽⁶⁸⁾ (relying on external heat sources to keep their body temperature at a suitable level) and poikilothermic⁽⁶⁸⁾ (having a variable body temperature). The recommended temperature range for Leopard geckos is 25–30 ºC / 77–86 ºF⁽²³⁾, which can either be kept constant or be dropped to room temperature during the evenings. Nighttime temperatures can be dropped with about 8 ºC / 46 ºF.

In the case where these day and night temperatures cannot be supplied naturally, electrical heating equipment will be required.

Electrical under tank heating is commonly used and includes commercially available heat mats, heat pads or heat strips. Overhead electrical heat lamps can also be used as an external heat source in larger enclosures. Some overhead lamps will supply heat and lighting at the same time.

Electrical equipment should be situated in such a way to only emit about a third of the enclosure’s floor surface and should be secured. Direct contact with heating equipment should be prevented.

Underfloor heating can be placed under the enclosure or below the substrate. Some sources recommend that under tank heating should not come in direct contact with glass⁽³⁰⁾.

The Tikaton reptile heat mat has build-in temperature control functionality and is available in variable sizes. It is perfect to be used as under-tank heating for Leopard geckos. Available from Amazon.com

Leopard geckos will thermoregulate by moving towards or away from the heat source. Temperatures can be measured by using a thermometer directly on top, underneath or inside⁽³²⁾ the substrate and/or can be controlled using a thermostat. Heat rocks/hot rocks can result in ventral burns⁽³⁰⁾ and should be avoided.

The REPTI ZOO Reptile Terrarium thermometer can read the temperatures in the recommended temperature range of Leopard geckos. Available from Amazon.com

Cold winter conditions force Leopard geckos to brumate⁽³⁰⁾/hibernate⁽⁴⁹⁾. During the winter months, a two-month winter brumation period can be stimulated by dropping the temperature to 10-18 ºC / 50-65 ºF⁽³⁰⁾.

Also see
Supplying heat correctly to Leopard geckos
Leopard gecko thermometers

Lighting

Being crepuscular^(50)(51)(59) to nocturnal^(49)(69), Leopard geckos spend their days hiding while resuming intermitted activity at dusk, dawn and during the evenings. In some cases, natural room light will be enough, but if not or when the enclosure is used for display purposes (e.g. terrariums), artificial lighting — usually done in the form of overhead electrical lighting — needs to be supplied.

Some light bulbs can also be used for heating, but if this is not the case then non-heat emitting light sources such as LEDs, energy savers, fluorescent tubes or low power (

The post General Leopard gecko care appeared first on Leopard Gecko.

Since many owners get their first Leopard gecko when it is still a baby, here are my 6 tips for new baby Leopard gecko owners.

Introduction

Most Leopard geckos are acquired when they are still babies. It is said that most problems occur within the first few days after their arrival.

During this fragile adaptation period, there are some things Leopard gecko owners can do to make the experience a little safer and easier on the little one.

Baby Leopard gecko tip #1 – handle them with care

Apart from proper handling later in life, baby Leopard geckos need to be handled with extra care. This is especially true during the time they are still in their first travel container.

When arriving at home, instead of taking the baby Leopard gecko out of the container, rather place the travel container inside the larger keeping enclosure first and simply take the lid off.

A baby Leopard gecko is sitting on the hand of its owner. Image credit Silke Baron (CC BY 2.0)

When a new baby Leopard gecko is picked up, or handled, it should be scooped it up with your fingers acting as a ‘cage’. Gripping a baby Leopard gecko is tricky and potentially dangerous.

By letting a baby Leopard gecko walk freely on your hand, the opportunity to dash and fall is high. In this case, use your other hand for cupping.

When handling a baby Leopard gecko, use slow movements and restrict handling to a bare minimum.

Also see
Handling a Leopard gecko

Baby Leopard gecko tip #2 – allow them to adapt to the environment

During the first few days after arrival, it is crucial that new baby Leopard geckos are left alone to adapt.

Signs of stress include a baby Leopard gecko that is trying to escape. This image shows a Leopard gecko baby sitting next to the glass of the container. Stress will be indicated when glass surfing behaviour is observed. Image from YouTube.com.

Owners should avoid spending too much time ‘hovering’ in front of display enclosures. The enclosure furniture and enclosure itself should also not be moved around during this time.

Opening the enclosure should be reserved for feeding and cleaning times only. This will ensure less variation in the immediate environmental temperature, humidity and light cycles and ultimately cause less stress to the little one.

Also see
Glass climbing in Leopard geckos

When feeding baby Leopard geckos, the type, size, quantity and quality of the food is very important.

Baby Leopard geckos are popularly fed crickets^(30)(32)(50), silkworm larvae⁽³⁰⁾ and mealworm larvae^(30)(50). Many feeder insects are available to order from Amazon.com.

Amazon.com
BangGood

The most important factor when it comes to feeding baby Leopard geckos is the size of the food. Feeding insects that are too large or too small can either be missed or ignored by baby Leopard geckos. Large, roaming adult insects can cause stress and refusal to eat.

The accepted size for feeder insects is the length of the space between the eyes of the Leopard gecko being fed. Baby Leopard geckos will benefit more from small to medium-sized insects.

Don’t feed too many crickets at a time. Start off by adding one to three crickets and only add more if needed.

The correct prey size can stimulate hunting behaviour in baby Leopard geckos. Image from YouTube.com.

In order to increase their quality, feeder crickets should be gut-loaded and dusted. Mealworms should be supplied in a small, shallow container containing a commercial powdered Vit D/calcium combination.

Also see
Feeding pet Leopard geckos
Feeding crickets to Leopard geckos
Feeding mealworms to Leopard geckos
Feeding silkworms to Leopard geckos

Baby Leopard gecko tip #4 – buy from reputable pet shops and breeders

Very often a first baby Leopard gecko was obtained impulsively and many owners will want to add more Leopard geckos to their collection. Don’t repeat this potential mistake.

This breeding facility gives the impression of a neat, well kept and organised reptile facility. Image with permission from CrestedGecko.com

I recommend buying from reputable pet shops that sell locally or their own bred stock. First impressions count. Clean, well-presented pet shops with proper facilities to keep their stock in the same way. Don’t be scared to inquire as to where the baby Leopard geckos are from. Breeders that have nothing to hide will also allow viewing of their facilities.

Baby Leopard gecko tip #5 – choose healthy-looking babies

When looking at your options, make sure all the babies are in a generally good condition. It is advised to choose the largest, fattest or most active baby Leopard gecko from the bunch.

When choosing a baby Leopard gecko it is important to choose a strong, healthy-looking one.

Also see
What to look for in a healthy baby Leopard gecko

Baby Leopard gecko tip #6 – keep the nighttime temperatures high

Leopard geckos need a temperature range of 25–30 ºC / 77–86 ºF⁽²³⁾, which can either be kept constant or be dropped to room temperature during the evenings. It has been scientifically proven that by maintaining heat at night that baby Leopard geckos will grow faster⁽⁶⁹⁾.

Conclusion

Baby Leopard geckos are fragile, especially during the first few days of relocation. Buying a healthy baby Leopard gecko from a reputable pet shop will help ensure fewer problems down the line. Potential problems can also be reduced by the correct handling and feeding, and by keeping the nighttime temperatures high.

The post 6 tips for new baby Leopard geckos appeared first on Leopard Gecko.

The ‘cage’ or enclosure for a small lizard, such as Leopard geckos, are referred to as a terrarium. Popular enclosure types used to house Leopard geckos include cabinets, large plastic boxes and glass tanks – each with their own set of pros and cons. Glass tanks, mainly purposed for aquariums or reptile terrariums, are popularly used and are available from specialised pet shops. Also see Leopard gecko terrariums fro more information.

Enclosure size

A single Leopard gecko can be housed in an area as small as 30 x 30 cm / 12 x 12 ” with an escape-proof roof. One to three Leopard geckos can be housed together in an 13 ℓ / 3.5 gal (US) ADDIS (35 x 25 x 15 cm / 14 x 10 x 5.5 “) container. A 10 gallon / 40 -50 ℓ glass tank/aquarium can also be used to house a few Leopard geckos. The floor space should increase with at least 25% for every Leopard gecko added after that. “Pal pens”or “Desert dens” can also be used.

Considerations

The recommended sizes for Leopard gecko housing mentioned here are based on what worked in previous and popular setups for myself and other breeders and keepers. Sizes and what you use will often be determined by what is commercially available in, for example, your own country or community. The amount, type and size of the environmental enrichment objects (‘furniture’) will also influence the overall size needed for your own Leopard gecko(s).

Height

Generally, the height of Leopard gecko housing is not too important as long as it is high enough to prevent escapes and adequate ventilation can be achieved.

Ventilation

Adequate ventilation in the form of an open roof (if the height allows), plenty of drilled holes or for example mesh or fine wire should be supplied. Any protrusions or sharp pieces should be avoided to prevent injuries.

Terrarium setup & environmental enrichment

The average Leopard gecko housing setup should consist of a large enough housing container with the following “furniture”:

• One or two hide boxes (very important)
• a suitable substrate
• some basic aesthetic furniture items to add some heights and distraction
• food and water bowls

Make sure that the housing setup is not too crowded and that the furniture is not too high and secure enough to prevent falling injuries.

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